Дискурс «глобализации» в отношении истории Монгольской империи и Золотой Орды

Юрий Васильевич Селезнёв

doi:10.21638/spbu13.2022.204

Авторы

Юрий Васильевич Селезнёв Воронежский государственный университет, Российская Федерация, 394018, Воронеж, Университетская пл., 1

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.204

Аннотация

В первой четверти XXI в. в научный дискурс прочно вошла вербальная модель Монгольской империи как «глобализационной державы». Современные процессы глобализации в мире подталкивают к исследованию аналогичных проявлений в прошлом. Системный метод исторического моделирования позволяет создать вербальную модель, описывающую глобализацию, к примеру, в XIII в. Так, для введения понятия «глобализация» применительно к истории Монгольской империи привлекается положение о всемирном характере политических, экономических и идеологических структур государства Чингизидов. Концепт «монгольского/ордынского глобализма» получает широкое распространение в современном дискурсивном поле. Так, в течение 2006–2020 гг. понятие «монгольский глобализм» широко распространилось не только в научно-популярных произведениях, но и в научных статьях и монографиях. Вполне закономерно, что крупнейшие в истории завоевания Чингизидов привели к созданию мощной державы, в которой устанавливался унифицированный централизованный контроль, в том числе над трансконтинентальными торговыми путями. Единое управление способствовало безопасности торговых путей и как следствие оживлению торгового и информационного обмена. Несомненно, торговый аспект, наиболее ярко прослеживающийся в экономике Монгольской империи и Золотой Орды, носит объединительно-глобализационный признак. Однако его научная оценка, как и выявление характера и сущности «монгольского феномена», требует более глубоких исследований. Статья посвящена рассмотрению признаков сформулированной концептуальной модели, точности и значимости привлеченных понятий для всех участников дискурсивного поля. В результате делается вывод о том, что надежного обоснования признаков, форм и закономерностей развития «монгольской глобализации» на данный момент не представлено.

Ключевые слова:

Монгольская империя, Pax Mongolica, глобализация, Золотая Орда, Чингисхан, Чингизиды

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