Дух «культуры 4 мая» и двойственный характер мышления Лу Синя

Zhang Fugui

doi:10.21638/spbu13.2021.305

Authors

Zhang Fugui Jilin University, 2699, Qianjin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, People’s Republic of China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.305

Abstract

The “May Fourth Movement” is undoubtedly a turning point in the history of modern Chinese society and culture. It must be acknowledged that the direction of development of Chinese culture was largely influenced by famous Chinese writer, educator and revolutionary Lu Xun (1881–1936). The structure of Lu Xun’s ideas and the influence of Lu Xun’s ideas today have shaped the ever-living “Lu Xun’s culture”. The main essence of Lu Xun’s culture is embodied in many important judgments regarding the development of the nation, society and culture. These judgments are aimed not only at the past, but also at the future and the present. Many of his thoughts were a century ahead their time. Speaking about Lu Xun’s anti-traditionalist approach to the development of new culture, one cannot ignore the rationalistic cultural spirit of the enlightenment ideology behind it. Lu Xun’s pessimism at the beginning of the “May Fourth Movement” and the subsequent bitterness can serve as a key to understanding the cultural spirit of the “May Fourth Movement” and its logical connection with Lu Xun’s culture. Analyzing Lu Xun’s criticism of China’s unrealized democracy and his skepticism about the new culture, one can see that Lu Xun’s inner mood is shrouded in a shadow of disappointment. Moreover, until the end of his days, he was accompanied by pain caused by too sober and deep perception of life. In addition, the reason for Lu Xun’s distrust is that too often, due to his decency and simplicity, he was deceived. We believe that the spiritual world of Lu Xun has always been characterized by the presence of two levels: Lu Xun is open, throwing loud calls, and Lu Xin is hidden, suffering and lonely. At the same time, his inherent sharpness stems from a deep understanding of the situation, and his bitterness comes from a firm will and an uncompromising attitude to his views. The reason for such bitterness is due to the strength and immensity of the objects of his resistance. Lu Xun’s views have enriched the thinking of China and all mankind.

Keywords:

“May Fourth Movement”, Lu Xun, China, anti-traditional orientation, rationalistic spirit

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Chen Pingyuan. Zuowei yizhong “sisiang caolian” de “wusi” [“The May Fourth Movement” as a “Training for Thingking”]. Tansuo yu zhengming, 2015, no. 7, pp. 20–23. (In Chinese)

Mao Zedong. Xin minzhu zhuyi lun [The New Democracy]. Mao Zedong xuanji. Beijing, Renmin Chubanshe, 1991, vol. 2, pp. 662–711. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Zixu (Nahan) [Preface to the Collection “Battlecry”]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 437–443. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Zheyangde zhanshi (Ye cao) [Such a Fighter! (from the Collection “Wild Grass”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 219–220. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Panghuang (Jiwaiji) [Epigraph to the Collection “Wandering” Poem (from “Collection not included in collections”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 7, p. 156. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Nala zouhou zenyang (Fen) [What Happens After Nora Walks Out? (from the Collection “Tomb’)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 165–173. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Liang di shu [Correspondence with Hsu Kuangping]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 11, p. 20. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Qingzhu Hu, Ning kefude na yibian (Lu Xun. Jiwaiji shiyi bubian) [I Celebrate the Return of Shanghai and Nanjing (From the “Supplement to the Collection, Not Included in the Collections”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 8, pp. 196–200. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Lubiande hunlian (Huagai ji) [The Soul of Controversy (from the Collection “Under the Splendid Canopy”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 31–34. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Mujiewen (Ye cao) [Tombstone Inscription (From the Collection “Wild Grass”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 207–208. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. “Zixuanji” zixu (Nanqiang beidiao ji) [Preface to the “Collection compiled by the author” (from the collection “Northern Songs in the Southern Way”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 4, pp. 468–471. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. 1925 nian si yue shiyi ri. Zhi Zhao Qiwen [To Zhao Qiwen. April 11, 1925]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 11, pp. 477–478. (In Chinese)

Zhao Jianbin. Fankang juewang ji qita — Lu Xunde shengming zhexue tanyou [Resistance, Despair and So On, Comprehending The Life Philosophy Of Lu Xun]. Ningbo daxue xuebao (renwenban), 2015, no. 2, pp. 24–28. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Wenhua pian zhilun (Fen) [On the One-sidedness of Culture (from the collection “Tomb”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 45–64. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Dengxia manbi (Fen) [Notes Under the Lamp (from the collection “Tomb”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 222–232. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. 1918 nian ba yue ershiri. Zhi Xu Shouchang [To Xu Shouchang. August 20, 1918]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 11, pp. 365–368. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Shisi niande “du jing” (Huagai ji) [Fourteen years of “Reading the canons” (from the collection “Under a Splendid Canopy”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 136–142. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Qingnian bi du shu (Huagai ji) [Youth Reading Circle (from the collection “Under the Splendid Canopy”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 12–13. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Si (Qiejieting zawen mobian) [Death (from the “Addenda”, the last collection of essays)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 6, pp. 631–636. (In Chinese)

Lin Yutang. Lu Xun zhi si [Death of Lu Xun]. Collected Works of Lin Yutang, 2012, pp. 142–144. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Suiganlu. Sanshiba (Re feng) [Impressed. Note no. 38 (from the collection “Hot Wind”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 327–332. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Zagan (Huagai ji) [Random Thoughts (from the collection “Under the Splendid Canopy”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 51–53. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Huran xiangdao. Qi (Huagai ji) [Suddenly I remembered… Note 7 (From the Collection “Under a Splendid Canopy”]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 63–64. (In Chinese)

Lu Xun. Huran xiangdao. Liu (Huagai ji) [Suddenly I remembered … Note 6 (from the collection “Under a Splendid Canopy”)]. Lu Xun quanji. Beijing, Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 45–47. (In Chinese)