The Principles of the Formal Construction of the Lexical-Semantic Field in Modern Chinese

Authors

  • Artemii M. Karapetyants Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
  • Elena A. Timchishena Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36, Stremyanny per., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.207

Abstract

The article presents an attempt to formally construct a lexical-semantic field for the Chinese language, taking into account the fact that the concept of such a field presupposes a certain classification system of the vocabulary, which is divided into large and small groups ordered in relation to each other. Due to the presence in the Chinese language of a large number of copulative complexes, paradigmatic relations of semantic proximity are expressed in syntagmatic relations of juxtaposition, which allowed the authors of the article to construct semantic fields based on the data of normative dictionaries and vocabulary lists. This article presents formal methods for constructing a semantic field for the modern Chinese language, a semantic method for fixing the language. It is based on a graphical representation of combinations of symbols (synographic images) and their explanations in dictionaries and wordlists of the modern Chinese language. As typical examples, the sphere of designations of emotions and verbs with the meanings of purchase and sale was chosen. The article defines the features of the structure of the lexical-semantic field of the verbs of sale and purchase, reveals the lexical units that are included in the core, near and far periphery. The material presented in the article indicates that in the case of the Chinese language, a similar method of constructing a lexical-semantic field can be applied both to tokens with an abstract meaning and to tokens with a specific meaning.

Keywords:

lexico-semantic field, binomial unit, copulative connections, core, near, far and extreme peripheries, lexeme

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References

Sources

Modern Chinese Dictionary. 7th ed. [Xiandai hanyu cidian (XHC)]. Beijing, Commercial Publ., 2017.

Modern Chinese Dictionary (addition) [Xiandai hanyu cidian [bubian] (XHCb)]. Beijing, Commercial Publ., 1989.

Dictionary of Frequently Used Word Constructions. [Changyong gouci zidian (CGZ)]. Beijing, Chinese People’s University Press, 2014.

Dictionary of Synonims [Tongyici cilin]. Shanghai, Lexicographic Publ., 1983.

Shanghai Chinese-Russian Dictionary [Shanghai hane cidian (CRD)]. Shanghai, Commercial Publ., 2000.

References

Kobozeva I. M. Linguistic Semantics: A textbook. Moscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2000. (In Russian)

Karapet’janc A. M. Formal construction of the semantic fields of the normative Chinese language. Aktual’nye voprosy kitajskogo jazykoznanija: mat-ly Vos’moj Mezhdunar. konf. Moscow, 1996. (In Russian)

Kuznecov A. M. From component analysis to component synthesis. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1986. (In Russian)

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Published

2021-07-19

How to Cite

Karapetyants, A. M., & Timchishena, E. A. (2021). The Principles of the Formal Construction of the Lexical-Semantic Field in Modern Chinese. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 13(2), 234–251. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.207

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 2 (2021)

Section

Linguistics

License

Articles of "Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies" are open access distributed under the terms of the License Agreement with Saint Petersburg State University, which permits to the authors unrestricted distribution and self-archiving free of charge.